• Mauritania became a state party to the United Nations Convention against Corruption on 25 October 2006.

• In 2017, Mauritania completed the first review cycle of the implementation of chapters 3 and 4 of the UN Convention against Corruption. The (executive summary) was published. Mauritania was reviewed by the Central African Republic and Marshall Islands. 

• Mauritania’s second review cycle for the implementation of chapters 2 and 5 of the UN Convention against Corruption was scheduled for Year 2 of the review cycle (2017-2018). It is not yet completed. Mauritania should be reviewed by Nigeria and Philippines.

Mauritania signed the Arab Convention against Corruption on 21 December 2010 but did not become a state party yet

Mauritania has a National Anti-Corruption Strategy (2023-2030).

Mauritania does not have a Specialized Anti-Corruption Commission

Whistleblowers’ Protection is organized by Article 19 of the Anti-Corruption Act

Mauritania does not have an Access to Information Law

Mauritania is represented in the Governmental and Non-Governmental Groups of the Arab Anti-corruption and Integrity Network (ACINET).

• The State Inspectorate General in Mauritania is a governmental member of ACINET since 2008.
• Réseau Mauritanien pour l’Action Sociale (link to site) joined ACINET’s Non-Governmental Group since 2012.

No Information available

Illicit Enrichment is criminalized under Article 16 of the Anti-Corruption Act

Mauritania scored 30/100 on the 2025 Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI)

• The country maintained the same score compared to the 2024 CPI
• The country ranked 130/181 countries globally on the 2025 CPI
• The country ranked 11/21 Arab countries on the 2025 CPI

In a participatory manner, Mauritania completed the first review cycle of the implementation of the UN Convention against Corruption (chapters 3&4)

Mauritania’s second review cycle of the implementation of the UN Convention against Corruption (chapters 2&5) is in process

• Algeria became a state party to the United Nations Convention against Corruption on 25 August 2004.

• In 2015, Algeria completed the first review cycle of the implementation of chapters 3 and 4 of the UN Convention against Corruption. The full (country report) was published. Algeria was reviewed by Niger and Latvia.

• In 2020, Algeria completed the second review cycle for the implementation of chapters 2 and 5 of the UN Convention against Corruption. The (executive summary) of the country report was published. Algeria was reviewed by Kenya and Ghana.

Algeria became a state party to the Arab Convention against Corruption on 30 October 2014

In 2023, Algeria adopted the country's first ever National Strategy for Transparency and Prevention of Corruption for the timeframe 2023-2027 (link to the executive summary).

The High Authority for Transparency and Preventing and Combatting Corruption was established by (Law No. 01 of 2006)

• (Law No. 22-08 of 2022) determines the organization, formation, and powers of the Authority
• The Authority undertakes preventive and investigative functions
• Link to the website of the Authority

Algeria does not have a Whistleblowers’ Protection law

Algeria does not have an Access to Information Law

Algeria is represented in the Governmental Group of the Arab Anti-corruption and Integrity Network (ACINET).

• The High Authority for Transparency, Prevention and Fight against Corruption in Algeria is a governmental member of ACINET since 2008.

Declaration of Assets and Interests is organized under article 4 of (Law No. 01 of 2006) on preventing and combating corruption.

• The article is generally compatible with best practices of declaration of assets and interests.
• The (Presidential Decree No.415-06 of 2006) outlines the complete list of public servants that are required to submit financial disclosure documents and the procedures for declaration for those who are not listed in the law

No information available

Illicit Enrichment is criminalized under (Law No. 01 of 2006) on preventing and combating corruption. This provision is generally compatible with the requirements of article 20 of the UN Convention against Corruption

Algeria scored 34/100 on the 2025 Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI)

• The country maintained the same score compared to the 2024 CPI
• The country ranked 109/181 countries globally on the 2025 CPI
• The country ranked 10/21 Arab countries on the 2025 CPI

In a participatory manner, Algeria completed the first review cycle of the implementation of the UN Convention against Corruption (chapters 3&4)

In a participatory manner, Algeria completed the Second review cycle of the implementation of the UN Convention against Corruption (chapters 2&5)

• Tunisia became a state party to the United Nations Convention against Corruption on 23 September 2008.

• In 2015, Tunisia completed the first review cycle of the implementation of chapters III and IV of the UN Convention against Corruption. The (executive summary) was published. Tunisia was reviewed by Côte d'Ivoire and Togo.

• Tunisia’s second review cycle for the implementation of chapters II and V of the UN Convention against Corruption is scheduled for Year 5 of the review cycle (2020-2021). Tunisia should be reviewed by Rwanda and Ethiopia.

Tunisia signed the Arab Convention against Corruption on 21 December 2010 but did not become a state party yet

Tunisia had a National Anti-Corruption and Good Governance Strategy for the period (2016-2020).

• No information about a strategy currently being developed.

Instance Nationale de Lutte Contre la Corruption was established under (Decree No. 120 of 2011) on Anti-Corruption and amended by (Law No. 59 of 2017) on good governance and anti-corruption.

• The commission is currently not operational.

Whistleblowers Protection is organized under (Law No.10 of 2017).

• This law is generally compatible with the requirements of article 33 of the United Nations Convention Against Corruption 

Access to Information is organized by (Law No.22 of 2016) and scores 120/150 for the strength of the legal framework according to the Global Right to Information rating

Declaration of Assets and Interests is organized under (Law No.46 of 2018) on asset and interest declarations, illicit enrichment and conflict of interest.

• Governmental order (No.818 of 2018) adopted the template of Declaration of assets and interests, and minimum threshold of assets, loans, and gifts to be declared.
• The above law is generally compatible with best practices of declaration of assets and interests.

Tunisia is represented in both the Governmental and Non-Governmental Groups of the Arab Anti-corruption and Integrity Network (ACINET).

• Each of the Cour des Comptes, Commission of General Control of Public Departments at the Prime Ministry, High Authority for Administrative and Financial Control, Instance Nationale de Lutte Contre la Corruption, and Ministry of Justice in Tunisia are governmental members of ACINET.

• Each of the Faculty of Social, Justice and Political Sciences at the University of Carthage and Institut Arab des Chefs d’Entreprises are members of ACINET’s Non-Governmental Group.

Sectoral Corruption Risk Management is institutionalized in Transport, Water and Health sectors:

• Health in two sub-sectoral areas (1) purchase of medical supplies and (2) special supplementary activity by public medical doctors
• Water in licensing the extraction and usage of underground water
• Transport in managing the supply chain of fuel for land transportation

Illicit Enrichment is criminalized under (Law No.46 of 2018) on asset and interest declarations, illicit enrichment and conflict of interest. This provision is generally compatible with the requirements of article 20 of the UN Convention against Corruption

Tunisia scored 39/100 on the 2025 Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI)

• The country maintained the same score compared to the 2024 CPI
• The country ranked 91/181 countries globally on the 2025 CPI
• The country ranked 8/21 Arab countries on the 2025 CPI

In a participatory manner, Tunisia completed the first review cycle of the implementation of the UN Convention against Corruption (chapters 3&4)

Tunisia’s second review cycle of the implementation of the UN Convention against Corruption (chapters 2&5) is in process

• Lebanon became a state party to the United Nations Convention against Corruption on 22 April 2009.

• In 2016, Lebanon completed the first review cycle of the implementation of chapters III and IV of the UN Convention against Corruption. Both the (executive summary) and the (full country report) were published. Lebanon was reviewed by Iran and Seychelles.

• Lebanon’s second review cycle for the implementation of chapters II and V of the UN Convention against Corruption is scheduled for Year 5 of the review cycle (2020-2021) and is currently in process. Lebanon will be reviewed by Cambodia and Mali.

Lebanon is not a state party to the Arab Convention against Corruption

Lebanon adopted its first ever National Anti-Corruption Strategy for the timeframe 2020-2025 (link to document)

• The strategy was prepared through a participatory approach and the (process of development) was made public, in addition to the (the mechanism for following up on its implementation).
• The Government published its (first progress report) on implementation of the strategy in 2021
• The Government published its second progress report on implementation of the strategy in 2024

The National Anti-Corruption Commission was established by (Law No. 175 of 2020) on "Anti-Corruption in the public sector and the creation of the National Anti-Corruption Institution".

• Members of the commission were appointed in 2022 and it is currently operational.
• The commission has preventive and investigative measures.

Whistleblower Protection is organized under (Law No.83 of 2018). The law was amended in 2020 extending protections to witnesses, experts and victims of corruption under (Law No.182).

• This law is generally compatible with the requirements of article 33 of the UN Convention against Corruption.

Access to Information is organized under (Law 28 of 2017). In 2021, it was amended by (Law No. 233) and (decree No.6940) was issued determining the specifications of implementing the Law.

• In 2021, the Ministerial Anti-Corruption Commitee adopted a (National Action Plan to Implement the ATI Law).

• In 2021 and through a collaboration between OECD, the Office of the Minister of State for Administrative Reform, and Gherbal Initiative: the first Lebanese Access to Information Law (Citizens' Guide) was published.

• According to the Global Right to Information Rating, Lebanon scored 70/150 points for the strength of the legal framework.

Declaration of Assets and Interests is organized under (Law No.189 of 2020). 

• This law is generally compatible with the best practices on declarations of assets and interests. 

Lebanon is represented in both the Governmental and Non-Governmental Groups of the Arab Anti-Corruption and Integrity Network (ACINET).

• Each of the Court of Audit, Central Inspection, Ministry of Justice, Public Prosecution, Ministry of State for Administrative Reform, Higher Committee for Discipline and National Anti-Corruption Commission are governmental members of ACINET.
• Each of the Lebanese Transparency Association, Gherbal Initiative, as well as each of Arab Region Parliamentarians Against Corruption and Arab Anti-Corruption Organization, which are considered as Regional organizations but based in Lebanon, are members of ACINET's Non-Governmental Group.

Sectoral Corruption Risk Management is institutionalized in the Lebanese University / Higher Education sector through an (official decision).

• This is the country’s largest public institution, educating nearly 80,000 students
• A task force was formed of representatives from various departments
• In 2023, the task force is in process of corruption risk mapping and assessment in four areas: employment and promotion of academic staff and non-academic staff, and admission of students, in addition to  procurement laying preparatory groundwork for designing integrity solutions.

Illicit enrichment is criminalized under (Law No.189 of 2020). This law is generally compatible with the requirements of article 20 of the UN Convention against Corruption

Lebanon scored 23/100 on the latest Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI)

• The country progressed one point compared to the 2024 CPI
• The country ranked 153/181 countries globally on the 2025 CPI
• The country ranked 15/21 Arab countries on the 2025 CPI

In a participatory manner, Lebanon completed the first review cycle of the implementation of the UN Convention against Corruption (chapters 3&4)

In a participatory manner, Lebanon second review cycle of the implementation of the UN Convention against Corruption (chapters 2&5) is in process

Syria is not a state party to the convention

Syria signed the Arab Convention against Corruption on 21 December 2010, but did not become a state party yet

No information available about a strategy

Syria does not have a Specialized Anti-Corruption Commission

Syria does not have a Whistleblowers’ Protection law

Syria does not have an Access to Information Law

Syria does not have a Law for Declaration of Assets and Interests

No information available

Syria does not have an Illicit Enrichment law

Syria scored 15/100 on the latest Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI)

• The country score progressed 3 points compared to the 2024 CPI
• The country ranked 172/181 countries globally on the 2025 CPI
• The country ranked 17/21 Arab countries on the 2025 CPI

Syria is not represented in ACINET Governmental membership nor its Non-Governmental Group

Syria signed the UN Convention against Corruption on 9 December 2003 but did not become a state party yet

Syria signed the UN Convention against Corruption on 9 December 2003 but did not become a state party yet

• Iraq became a state party to the United Nations Convention against Corruption on 17 March 2008.

• In 2013, Iraq completed the first review cycle of the implementation of chapters III and IV of the UN Convention against Corruption. The (executive summary) was published. Iraq was reviewed by Malaysia and Jordan.

• Iraq’s second review cycle for the implementation of chapters II and V of the UN Convention against Corruption was scheduled for Year 4 of the review cycle (2019-2020). It is in process but not yet completed. Iraq is being reviewed by Niue and Cameroon.

Iraq became a state party to the Arab Convention against Corruption on 30 May 2013

Iraq adopted its second National Anti-Corruption Strategy for the timeframe 2021-2024.

• Link to the (strategy document)
• Iraq adopted the country's first ever strategy for the period (2010-2014) 

The Federal Commission of Integrity was established under (Law No.30 of 2011) and amended by (Law No.30 in year 2019).

• Some provisions were added under (Order No.55) on the Commission of Integrity.
• The commission undertakes preventive and investigative functions. 

Whistleblowers' Protection is organized under (Law No. 58 of 2017). 

• This law is generally compatible with the requirements of article 33 of the UN Convention against Corruption.

Iraq does not have an Access to Information Law

Declaration of Assets and Interests is organized by article 4 of (Law No. 30 of 2011) on the Commission of Integrity, later amended by (Law No.30 of 2019).

• The provision on declarations is generally compatible with best practices of declaration of assets and interests.

Sectoral Corruption Risk Management institutionalized in Higher Education (Kurdistan)

Illicit Enrichment is criminalized under (Law No.15 of 1958). Some of its provisions were amended under (Law.20 of 1963). Even though there is a law, it does not comply with the requirements of article 20 of the UN Convention against Corruption

Iraq scored 28/100 on the 2025 Corruption Perceptions Index

• The country progressed 2 score points compared to the 2024 CPI
• The country ranked 136/181 countries globally on the 2025 CPI
• The country ranked 14/21 Arab countries on the 2025 CPI

Iraq is represented in the Governmental and Non-Governmental Groups of the Arab Anti-corruption and Integrity Network (ACINET)

• Each of the Federal Commission of Integrity, High Judicial Council and Federal Board of Supreme Audit are official members of the ACINET. 

• Each of Shaaub for Democracy and Al Nahrain Foundation for Transparency and Integrity are members of ACINET’s Non-Governmental Group

In a participatory manner, Iraq completed the first review cycle of the implementation of the UN Convention against Corruption (chapters 3&4)

In a participatory manner, Iraq second review cycle of the implementation of the UN Convention against Corruption (chapters 2&5) is in process

• Jordan became a state party to the United Nations Convention against Corruption on 24 February 2005.

• In 2012, Jordan completed the first review cycle of the implementation of chapters III and IV of the UN Convention against Corruption. The (executive summary) was published. Jordan was reviewed by Maldives and Nigeria.

• Jordan’s second review cycle for the implementation of chapters II and V of the UN Convention against Corruption is scheduled for Year 4 of the review cycle (2019-2020). It is in progress but not yet completed. Jordan is being reviewed by Turkmenistan and Lebanon.

Jordan became a state party to the Arab Convention against Corruption on 21 November 2012

Jordan adopted a National Integrity and Anti-Corruption Strategy for the timeframe 2020-2025 (document of the strategy)

• It is country’s third strategy: first strategy covered (2008-2012) and the second covered (2013-2017).

Jordanian Integrity and Anti-Corruption Commission was established under (Law No. 62 of 2006) . Legislation governing the commission’s work was amended by (Law No. 13 of 2016) on Integrity and Anti-Corruption and then (Law No. 25 of 2019).

• The commission undertakes preventive and investigative functions.
• Link to the website of the commission

Whistleblowers' Protection is organized under (system No.62 of 2014). 

• This law is generally compatible with the requirements of article 33 of the UN Convention against Corruption. 

Access Information is organized under (Law No.47 of 2007) and its amendment (Law No 3 of 2024).

• According to the Global right to information rating, Jordan scored 56 out of 150 points in terms of the strength of the legal framework.

Declaration of Assets and Interests was organized under (Law No. 21 of 2014 on Illicit Enrichment), later amended by Law No. 27 of 2017 and a second time by Law No. 40 of 2018.

• The regulations of the Asset Disclosure Department at the Ministry of Justice are organized under system (No.111 of 2014) promulgated by article 21 of Law No.21 of 2014.
• The law is generally compatible with best practices on declaration of assets and interests.

Sectoral Corruption Risk Management institutionalized in the health and water sectors

Jordan is represented in the Governmental and Non-Governmental categories of the Arab Anti-Corruption and Integrity Network ACINET:

• Each of the Jordanian Integrity and Anti-Corruption Commission, Ministry of Justice, and Public Prosecution are official members of ACINET.

• Each of Partners Jordan, Jordan Transparency Center, and Rasheed Coalition for Integrity and Transparency are members of ACINET’s Non- Governmental Group.

Illicit Enrichment was first criminalized under (Law No.54 of 2006 on Financial Disclosure). Later in 2014, illicit enrichment was criminalized in a separate (Law No.21 of 2014) then some of its provisions were amended by (Law No.40 of 2018). Additional provisions were amended also by (Law No. 25 of 2021).The law is generally compatible with the requirements of article 20 of the UN Convention against Corruption

Jordan scored 50/100 on the latest Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI)

• The country score progressed 1 point compared to the 2024 CPI
• The country ranked 56/181 countries globally on the 2025 CPI
• The country ranked 5/21 Arab countries on the 2025 CPI

In a participatory manner, Jordan completed the first review cycle of the implementation of the UN Convention against Corruption (chapters 3&4)

In a participatory manner, Jordan second review cycle of the implementation of the UN Convention against Corruption (chapters 2&5) is in process

• Saudi Arabia became a state party to the United Nations Convention against Corruption on 29 April 2013.

• In 2015, Saudi Arabia completed the first review cycle of the implementation of chapters III and IV of the UN Convention against Corruption. The (executive summary) was published. Saudi Arabia was reviewed by Cambodia and Mozambique.

• In 2018, Saudi Arabia completed the second review cycle for the implementation of chapters II and V of the UN Convention against Corruption. The (executive summary) was published. Saudi Arabia was reviewed by Nauru and Ireland.

Saudi Arabia became a state party to the Arab Convention against Corruption on 29 September 2014

Saudi Arabia adopted its National Strategy for Maintaining Integrity and Combating Corruption through (Resolution No.13 in 2007). There is no specific timeframe for this strategy

The Oversight and Anti-Corruption Authority in Saudi Arabia (Nazaha) was established by a (Royal decree No. A/ 65 of 2011) and through (Cabinet Resolution No. 165 of 2011) on the organization of the oversight authority.

• It undertakes preventive and investigative functions.

Whistleblowers Protection is organized by Decision No. 629 of 2024 for the Protection of Whistleblowers, Witnesses, and Experts.

• The provision is generally compatible with the requirements of article 33 of the UN Convention against Corruption. 

Saudi Arabia does not have an Access to Information Law

Saudi Arabia does not have a Law for Declaration of Assets and Interests

In process of institutionalizing Sectoral Corruption Risk Management

Saudi Arabia does not have an Illicit Enrichment law

Saudi Arabia scored 57/100 on the latest Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI)

• The country regressed 2 points compared to the 2024 CPI
• The country ranked 45/181 countries globally on the 2025 CPI
• The country ranked 3/21 Arab countries on the 2025 CPI

Saudi Arabia is represented in the Governmental Group of the Arab Anti-corruption and Integrity Network (ACINET)

• The National Anti-Corruption Commission (Nazaha) is an official member of ACINET since 2011.

In a participatory manner, Saudi Arabia completed the first review cycle of the implementation of the UN Convention against Corruption(chapter 3&4)

In a participatory manner, Saudi Arabia completed the Second review cycle of the implementation of the UN Convention against Corruption(chapter 2&5)

• Oman became a state party to the United Nations Convention against Corruption on 9 January 2014.

• In 2015, Oman completed the first review cycle of the implementation of chapters III and IV of the UN Convention against Corruption. Both the (executive summary) and the (full country report) were published. Oman was reviewed by Kiribati and Saudi Arabia.

• In 2019, Oman completed the second review cycle for the implementation of chapters II and V of the UN Convention against Corruption. The (executive summary) was published. Oman was reviewed by Saudi Arabia and Canada.

Oman became a state party to the Arab Convention against Corruption on 11 June 2013

Oman does not have a National Anti-Corruption Strategy

Oman does not have a Specialized Anti-Corruption Commission

Oman does not have a Whistleblowers’ Protection law

Oman does not have an Access to Information Law

Declaration of Assets and Interests is organized under Article 12 of (Law No. 112 of 2011) on protecting public money and preventing conflict of interests.

• In 2012, (Decision No.101) was issued to determine the asset disclosure by government officials in addition to guidelines on filling out the financial disclosure form issued by Decision No.61 of 2016.
• The law is partially compatible with best practices on asset and interest declaration.

No information available

Oman does not have an Illicit Enrichment law

Oman scored 52/100 on the latest Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI)

• The country score regressed 3 points compared to the 2024 CPI
• The country ranked 54/181 countries globally on the 2024 CPI
• The country ranked 4/21 Arab countries on the 2024 CPI

Oman is represented in ACINET Governmental membership

• The State Audit Institution in Oman is a member of ACINET governmental group, joined on 29 October 2024.

In a participatory manner, Oman completed the first review cycle of the implementation of the UN Convention against Corruption (chapters 3&4)

In a participatory manner, Oman completed the Second review cycle of the implementation of the UN Convention against Corruption (chapters 2&5)

• Yemen became a state party to the United Nations Convention against Corruption on 7 November 2005.

• In 2016, Yemen completed the first review cycle of the implementation of chapters III and IV of the UN Convention against Corruption. The (executive summary) was published. Yemen was reviewed by the United Arab Emirates and Sao Tome and Principe.

• Yemen’s second review cycle for the implementation of chapters II and V of the UN Convention against Corruption was scheduled for Year 4 of the review cycle (2019-2020). It is not yet completed. Yemen review is by Kiribati and Sri Lanka.

Yemen signed the Arab Convention against Corruption on 21 December 2010 but did not become a state party yet

The Supreme National Authority for Combating Corruption in Yemen was established by Anti-Corruption (Law No.39 of 2006). 

• The commission undertakes preventive and investigative functions.

Whistleblowers Protection is organized under chapter 3 of (Law No.39 of 2006). 

• The provision is compatible with article 33 of the UN Convention against Corruption.

Access to Information Law is organized under (Law No.13 of 2012).

• According to the Global Right to Information Rating, Yemen scored 103/150 points for the strength of the legal framework.

Declaration of Assets and Interests is organized by (Law No.30 of 2006)

No information available

Illicit Enrichment is criminalized under (Law No.30 of 2006) on Asset Disclosure. Even though there is a law, it does not comply with the requirements of article 20 of the UN Convention against Corruption

Yemen scored 13/100 on the 2025 Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI)

• The country maintained the same score compared to the 2024 CPI
• The country ranked 177/181 countries globally on the 2024 CPI
• The country ranked 18/21 Arab countries on the 2025 CPI

Yemen is represented in both the Governmental and Non-Governmental Groups of the Arab Anti-Corruption and Integrity Network ACINET

• Each of the Ministry of Justice, Supreme National Authority for Combating Corruption, Central Organization for Control and Auditing, Public Prosecution for Public Funds, High Authority for Tender Control in Yemen are official governmental members of ACINET.

• Each of the Human Rights Information and Training Center and Studies and Economic Media Center are members of ACINET’s Non-Governmental Group.

In a participatory manner, Yemen completed the first review cycle of the implementation of the UN Convention against Corruption (chapters 3&4)

Yemen’s second review cycle of the implementation of the UN Convention against Corruption (chapters 2&5) is in process

• Djibouti became a state party to the United Nations Convention against Corruption on 20 April 2005.

• In 2017, Djibouti completed the first review cycle of the implementation of chapters III and IV of the UN Convention against Corruption. The (executive summary) was published. Djibouti was reviewed by Liberia and Peru.

• Djibouti’s second review cycle for the implementation of chapters II and V of the UN Convention against Corruption was scheduled for Year 2 of the review cycle (2017-2018). It is not yet completed. Djibouti should be reviewed by Botswana and Gabon.

Djibouti signed the Arab Convention against Corruption on 21 December 2010 but did not become a state party

Djibouti does not have a National Anti-Corruption Strategy

The National Commission for Preventing and Combating Corruption in Djibouti was established under (Law no.03/AN/13/7eme), but the agency is not operational

Djibouti does not have a Whistleblowers’ Protection law

Djibouti does not have an Access to Information Law

Declaration of Assets and Interests is organized under (Law No. n°03/AN/13/7ème) on prevention and combating of corruption. 

• The law is partially compatible with best practices on declaration of assets.

No information available

Illicit Enrichment is criminalized under (Law No.111/ AN/ 11 of 2011) on the fight against terrorism and other serious offenses. The provision is generally compatible with the requirements of article 20 of the UN Convention against Corruption

Djibouti scored 31/100 on the 2025 Corruption Perceptions Index

• The country maintained the same score compared to the 2024 CPI
• The country ranked 124/181 countries globally on the 2025 CPI
• The country ranked 13/21 Arab countries on the 2025 CPI

Djibouti completed the first review cycle of the implementation of the UN Convention against Corruption (chapters 3&4)

Djibouti’s second review cycle of the implementation of the UN Convention against Corruption (chapters 2&5) is in process

Somalia is a state party in UN Convention against Corruption

Somalia is a state party to the Arab Convention against Corruption

Somalia adopted a National Anti-Corruption Strategy for the period (2020-2023)

لدى الصومال هيئة مستقلة لمكافحة الفساد

Somalia does not have a Whistleblowers’ Protection law

Somalia does not have an Access to Information Law

Somalia does not have a Law for Declaration of Assets and Interests

No information available

Somalia does not have an Illicit Enrichment law

Somalia scored 9/100 on the 2025 Corruption Perceptions Index

• The country maintained the same score compared to the 2024 CPI
• The country ranked 181/181 countries globally on the 2025 CPI
• The country ranked 21/21 Arab countries on the 2025 CPI

Somalia is represented in ACINET official membership throug the Office of the Auditor General, joined in January 2025.

Somalia is not a state party in UN Convention against Corruption

Somalia became a state party in UN Convention against Corruption in August 2021.

• Palestine became a state party to the United Nations Convention against Corruption on 2 April 2014.

• In 2015, Palestine completed the first review cycle of the implementation of chapters III and IV of the UN Convention against Corruption. Both the (executive summary) and the (full country report) were published. Palestine was reviewed by Oman and Micronesia.

• In 2021, Palestine completed the second review cycle for the implementation of chapters II and V of the UN Convention against Corruption. Only the (executive summary) was published. Palestine was reviewed by Malaysia and Burkina Faso.

The State of Palestine became a state party to the Arab Convention against Corruption on 21 May 2013

Palestine adopted a National Anti-Corruption Strategy for the period (2020-2023). It is the third of its kind; the first covered (2012-2014) and the second covered (2015-2018) 

The Palestinian Anti-Corruption Commission was established under the (anti-corruption Law No.1 of 2005).

• It undertakes preventive and investigative functions
• Link to the website of the commission

Whistleblowers Protection is organized by the government decision (No. 17 of 2019) on the system for protection of whistleblowers, witnesses, informants, experts in corruption cases, their relatives, and persons close to them.

• The law is generally compatible with the requirements of article 33 of the UN Convention against Corruption.

Palestine does not have an Access to Information Law

Declaration of Assets and Interests is organized under some provisions of the (amended anti-corruption law No.1 of 2005).

• These provisions are generally compatible with best practices of declaration of assets and interests.

In process of institutionalizing Sectoral Corruption Risk Management in Health and Finance

Palestine is represented in the Governmental and Non-Governmental Groups of the Arab Anti-Corruption and Integrity Network ACINET.

• Each of the State Audit and Administrative Control Bureau, Ministry of Justice and Palestinian Anti-Corruption Commission are official members of ACINET.
• Each of the Coalition for Accountability and Integrity, Palestinian Center for the Independence of Judiciary, and SHAMS center are members of ACINET’s Non-Governmental Group.

Illicit Enrichment is criminalized under (Law No.1 of 2005). The Law was amended in 2010 and renamed as (amended anti-corruption law). Even though there is a provision, it does not comply with the requirements of article 20 of the UN Convention against Corruption

It is not rated.

In a participatory manner, Palestine completed the first review cycle of the implementation of the UN Convention against Corruption (chapters 3&4)

In a participatory manner, Palestine completed the Second review cycle of the implementation of the UN Convention against Corruption (chapters 2&5)

• Libya became a state party to the United Nations Convention against Corruption on 7 June 2005.

• In 2018, Libya completed the first review cycle of the implementation of chapters III and IV of the UN Convention against Corruption. Both the (executive summary) and the (full country report) were published. Libya was reviewed by Mozambique and Namibia.

• Libya’s second review cycle for the implementation of chapters II and V of the UN Convention against Corruption was scheduled for Year 3 of the review cycle (2018-2019). It is not yet completed. State of Libya should be reviewed by Morocco and Venezuela.

Libya signed the Arab Convention against Corruption on 21 December 2010 but did not become a state member yet

Libya adopted a National Anti-Corruption Strategy (2025-2030).

The National Anti-Corruption Commission in Libya was established under (Law No.11 of 2014) 

Libya does not have a Whistleblowers' Protection law

Libya does not have an Access to Information Law

Libya is represented in both the Governmental and Non-Governmental Groups of the Arab Anti-corruption and Integrity Network (ACINET).

• The Ministry of Justice in Libya is a governmental member of ACINET since 2008.
• The Administrative Control Authority of Libya is a member of ACINET since 2024.
• The Libyan Transparency Association is a member in ACINET's Non-Governmental Group since 2012.

Declaration of Assets and Interests is organized under Law No. 10 of 1994 on Illicit Enrichment.

• The law is generally compatible with best practices on asset declaration.

In process of institutionalizing Sectoral Corruption Risk Management

Illicit Enrichment is criminalized under (Law No.3 of 1970) and was later replaced by (Law No.3 of 1986). Even though there is a law, it does not comply with the requirements of article 20 of the UN Convention against Corruption

Libya scored 13/100 on the latest Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI)

• The country maintained the same score compared to the 2024 CPI
• The country ranked 177/181 countries globally on the 2025 CPI
• The country ranked 19/21 Arab countries on the 2025 CPI

In a participatory manner, Libya completed the first review cycle of the implementation of the UN Convention against Corruption (chapters 3&4)

Libya’s second review cycle of the implementation of the UN Convention against Corruption (chapters 2&5) is in process

• Egypt became a state party to the United Nations Convention against Corruption on 25 February 2005.

• In 2015, Egypt completed the first review cycle of the implementation of chapters III and IV of the UN Convention against Corruption. The (executive summary) was published. Egypt was reviewed by Burkina Faso and Algeria.

• In 2020, Egypt completed the second review cycle for the implementation of chapters II and V of the UN Convention against Corruption. The (executive summary) was published. Egypt was reviewed by Lesotho and Serbia.

Egypt became a state party to the Arab Convention against Corruption on 18 June 2014

Egypt adopted started the third phase of the National Anti-corruption Strategy for the timeframe 2023-2030. 

• The (second phase of the strategy) covered the timeframe 2019-2022 and a (final report on its implementation) was made public.
• The first phase of the country's strategy covered the timeframe 2014-2018

The Administrative Control Authority is Egypt's Anti-Corruption Commission was first established under (Law 64 of 1964)

• The commission was restrucured several times through amended laws: (Law 71 of 1969), and (Law 116 of 1974), and (Law 46 of 1975), and (Law 21 of 1977), and (Law 207 of 2017).
• The commission undertakes preventive and investigative functions  
• Link to the website of the commission

Egypt does have a Whistleblowers’ Protection law

Egypt does not have an Access to Information Law

Egypt is represented in the Governmental and Non-Governmental Groups of the Arab Anti-Corruption and Integrity Network ACINET.

• Each of the Administrative Control Authority, Central Auditing Organization, Ministry of Economic Development, Ministry of Interior General Directorate of Public Funds Intelligence, Administrative Prosecution and Ministry of Justice are official members of ACINET.
• The Egyptian Junior Business Association is a member of ACINET’s Non-Governmental Group.

Declaration of Assets and Interests is organized under (Law No. 62 of 1975) amended by the President’s decision No. 628 amending some provisions of Law No. 97 of 2015 .

• The Asset and Interest Declarations form was issued by (Ministerial Decision No. 1926 of 1976).
• The law is partially compatible with best practices of declaration of assets and interests.

In process of institutionalizing Sectoral Corruption Risk Management

Illicit Enrichment is criminalized under (Law No. 62 of 1975). Some of its provisions were later amended by (Presidential decree No.1112 in 1975) and (Presidential decree No. 628 in 1976). Even though there is a law, it does not comply with the requirements of article 20 of the UN Convention against Corruption

Egypt scored 30/100 on the 2025 Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI)

• The country maintained the same score compared to the 2024 CPI
• The country ranked 130/181 countries globally on the 2025 CPI
• The country ranked 11/21 Arab countries on the 2025 CPI

In a participatory manner, Egypt completed the first review cycle of the implementation of the UN Convention against Corruption (chapters 3&4)

In a participatory manner, Egypt completed the Second review cycle of the implementation of the UN Convention against Corruption (chapters 2&5)

• Sudan became a state party to the United Nations Convention against Corruption on 5 September 2014.

• Sudan’s first review cycle for the implementation of chapters III and IV of the UN Convention against Corruption was scheduled for Year 4 of the review cycle (2013-2014). It is not yet completed. Sudan should be reviewed by Angola and Palestine.

• Sudan’s second review cycle for the implementation of chapters II and V of the UN Convention against Corruption was scheduled for Year 2 of the review cycle (2017-2018). It is not yet completed. Sudan should be reviewed by Tunisia and Austria.

Sudan became a state party to the Arab Convention against Corruption on 23 October 2012

Sudan does not have a National Anti-Corruption Strategy

The National Commission for Transparency, Integrity and Combating Corruption was established under (Law no.8 of 2016) 

Whistleblowers Protection is organized under article 14 of (Law No.8 of 2016) on the National Commission for Transparency, Integrity and Combating Corruption.

• This provision is generally compatible with the requirements of article 33 of the UN Convention against Corruption. 

Access to Information is organized under (Law of 2015).

• According to the Global Right to Information Rating, Sudan scored 63/150 points for the strength of the legal framework.

Sudan does not have a Law for Declaration of Assets and Interests

Sudan is represented in the Governmental Group of the Arab Anti-corruption and Integrity Network (ACINET).

• The Ministry of Justice (link to site) is a governmental member of ACINET since 2008.

No information available

Illicit Enrichment is criminalized under article 164 of (Law 1984 on Civil Transactions). Later, it was criminalized under article 6 of the (Illicit and Suspicious Enrichment Act of 1989). Even though there is a provision, it does not comply with the requirements of article 20 of the UN Convention against Corruption

Sudan scored 14/100 on the 2025 Corruption Perceptions Index

• The country regressed 1 point compared to the 2024 CPI
• The country ranked 175/181 countries globally on the 2025 CPI
• The country ranked 18/21 Arab countries on the 2025 CPI

Sudan’s first review cycle of the implementation of the UN Convention against Corruption (chapters 3&4) is in process

Sudan’s second review cycle of the implementation of the UN Convention against Corruption (chapters 2&5) is in process

• Morocco became a state party to the UN Convention against Corruption on 9 May 2007.

• In 2012, Morocco completed the first review cycle of the implementation of chapters III and iv of the UN Convention against Corruption. The (executive summary) & the (full country report) were published. Morocco was reviewed by South Africa and Slovakia.

• In 2019, Morocco completed the second review cycle for the implementation of chapters II and V of the UN Convention against Corruption. The (executive summary) was published. Morocco was reviewed by Senegal and Finland.

Morocco became a state party to the Arab Convention against Corruption on 26 September 2012

Morocco adopted a National Anti-Corruption Strategy for the timeframe 2016-2025

The National Authority for Probity, Prevention and Fight against Corruption is organized under (Law 46-19 of 2021) 

• Link to the website of the authority

Whistleblowers' Protection is organized under Law No. 37.10 in 2011 on the Protection of victims, witnesses, experts and whistleblowers in case of bribery, embezzlement, power abuse and others and by (Dahir No. 1.11.164) of 2011 for the Implementation of this law which amends the earlier Law 22.01

• This law is generally compatible with the requirements of article 33 of the UN Convention against Corruption. 

Access to Information is organized by (Law No.31.13 of 2015) enacted by (Royal decree No. 1.18.15 of 2018).

• According to the Global Right to Information Rating, Morocco scored 63/150 points on the strength of the legal framework

Morocco is represented in the Governmental and Non-Governmental Groups of the Arab Anti-corruption and Integrity Network (ACINET).

• Each of the Ministry of Justice, L'Instance nationale de la probité, de la prévention et de la lutte contre la corruption, Ministry of Modernization of Public Function are official members of ACINET since 2008. The Ombusman then joined in 2019.
• The Moroccan Network for Defending Public Funds and Transparency Maroc are members of ACINET’s Non-Governmental Group since 2012.

Declaration of Assets and Interests is organized under (Law No.25 of 1992) on Asset Disclosure and later under (Dahir No. 1.07.202 in 2008) on the implementation of Law No.54.06

• The law is generally compatible with best practices of declaration of assets and interests.
• The form for declaring assets and interest was adopted through (Decree No. 2.09.207 of 2009)

Sectoral Corruption Risk Management is institutionalized in the Health sector:

• Institutionalized at the CHU Tangier-Tétouan-Al Hoceima Hospital in the provision of medical services

Morocco does not have an illicit enrichment law

Morocco scored 39/100 on the 2025 Corruption Perceptions Index

• The country score progressed 2 points compared to the 2024 CPI
• The country ranked 91/181 countries on the 2025 CPI
• The country ranked 8/21 Arab countries on the 2025 CPI

In a participatory manner, Morocco completed the first review cycle of the implementation of the UN Convention against Corruption (chapters 3&4)

In a participatory manner, Morocco completed the Second review cycle of the implementation of the UN Convention against Corruption (chapters 2&5)

• Kuwait became a state party to the United Nations Convention against Corruption on 16 February 2007.

• In 2013, Kuwait completed the first review cycle of the implementation of chapters III and IV of the UN Convention against Corruption. Both the (executive summary) and the (full country report) were published. Kuwait was reviewed by Sri Lanka and Ethiopia.

• Kuwait’s second review cycle for the implementation of chapters II and V of the UN Convention against Corruption was scheduled for Year 2 of the review cycle (2017-2018). It is in process but not yet completed. Kuwait is being reviewed by Kyrgyzstan and Antigua and Barbuda.

Kuwait became a state party to the Arab Convention against Corruption on 5 September 2013

Kuwait adopted its first National Anti-Corruption Strategy for timeframe 2019-2024.

• Link to the (strategy document)
• Kuwait published three (progress reports) on the implementation of the strategy in 2020, 2021 and 2022.

Kuwait Anti-Corruption Authority "Nazaha" was established under (Law No.2 of 2016).

• The executive regulations of Law No. 2 of 2016 were issued through (Decree No.300 of 2016) 
• The commission undertakes preventive functions only without an investigative role.
• Link to the website of Nazaha

Whistleblowers Protection is organized under part V of (Decree for Law No. 24 of 2012) on the establishment of the Kuwait Anti-Corruption Authority.

• Some of its provisions were amended under (Law No.2 of 2016) and its (Decree No.300 of 2016). 
• The provision is generally compatible with the requirements of article 33 of the UN Convention against Corruption. 

Access Information law is organized by (Law No. 12 of 2020).

• In 2021, a (ministerial decision No.62) was issued to determine the executive regulations of Law No.12 of 2020 on the Right to Access information. 
• According to the Global right to information rating, Kuwait scored 54/150 points for the strength of the legal framework.

Declaration of Assets and Interests is organized by provision under (Law No.2 of 2016) establishing the Kuwait Anti-Corruption Authority and the provisions on disclosure of assets and liabilities.

• The procedures for declaring assets is specified by (Decree No.300 of 2016).
• The provision is generally compatible with best practices of declaration of assets and interests.

No information available

Illicit Enrichment is criminalized under (Law No.2 of 2016) establishing the Kuwait Anti-Corruption Authority and special provisions on asset declaration. Even though there is a provision, it does not comply with the requirements of article 20 of the UN Convention against Corruption

Kuwait scored 46/100 on the 2025 Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI)

• The country maintained the same score compared to the 2024 CPI
• The country ranked 65/181 countries globally on the 2025 CPI
• The country ranked 7/21 Arab countries on the 2025 CPI

Kuwait has members in both the Governmental and Non-Governmental Groups of the Arab Anti-corruption and Integrity Network (ACINET)

• The Kuwait Anti-Corruption Authority is an official member of the ACINET

• Each of Kuwait's Transparency Society and Kuwait Association for Protecting Public Funds are members of ACINET’s Non-Governmental Group

In a participatory manner, Kuwait completed the first review cycle of the implementation of the UN Convention against Corruption (chapters 3&4)

Kuwait’s second review cycle of the implementation of the UN Convention against Corruption (chapters 2&5) is in process